🌳 Tree Spacing Calculator
Plan orchard, windbreak, or landscape layouts by linking mature canopy spread to planting distances.
How to Use This Calculator
Determine mature spread
Use species data or local experience to estimate canopy diameter at maturity.
Select planting goal
Spacing recommendations shift for orchards, urban shade, or windbreaks.
Plan layout
Apply row and in-row spacing to design grids, and calculate trees per acre for ordering seedlings.
Formula
Spacing = Canopy Spread × Factor
Trees/acre = 43,560 ÷ (Row Spacing × In-row Spacing)
Factor varies by planting objective. Increase spacing for long-lived shade trees; decrease for dense windbreaks or high-density orchards.
Full Description
Appropriate spacing reduces competition, improves airflow, and simplifies maintenance. Overly tight plantings lead to stress and pruning costs, while excessive spacing wastes resources and reduces yield.
Adjust spacing for site conditions such as soil fertility, irrigation availability, and mechanical access requirements.
Frequently Asked Questions
How do I handle staggered rows?
Use the in-row spacing for offset rows; effective density increases slightly (~15%).
Can I mix species?
Yes, but base spacing on the largest expected canopy to avoid competition.
What about root zones?
Adequate spacing prevents root conflicts with sidewalks, utilities, or adjacent crops.
Should I thin later?
High-density plantings (timber) often plan for future thinning—adjust initial spacing accordingly.