Skin integrity

Braden Pressure Injury Risk Assessment

The Braden Scale evaluates six domains to predict risk of hospital- or facility-acquired pressure injuries. Scores range from 6 to 23; lower scores indicate higher risk. Use interprofessional assessment to complete accurately.

Sensory perception

Select the description matching the patient's current status.

Moisture

Select the description matching the patient's current status.

Activity

Select the description matching the patient's current status.

Mobility

Select the description matching the patient's current status.

Nutrition

Select the description matching the patient's current status.

Friction / shear

Select the description matching the patient's current status.

Total Braden score

20

No apparent risk

Maintain routine prevention strategies and reassess regularly.

How to Use This Calculator

1

Perform a head-to-toe skin assessment

Include moisture status, mobility, nutrition intake, and patient reports of pain or discomfort.

2

Select the most accurate descriptor for each domain

Use consensus scoring when multiple providers are involved (nursing, therapy, dietetics).

3

Implement prevention bundle according to risk level

Document interventions (repositioning schedule, support surfaces, nutrition referrals) and reassess per policy.

Formula

Total Braden Score = Sensory + Moisture + Activity + Mobility + Nutrition + Friction/Shear

Score range: 6 (highest risk) to 23 (lowest risk). Risk categories:

  • ≤9 Very high risk
  • 10–12 High risk
  • 13–14 Moderate risk
  • 15–18 Mild risk
  • ≥19 No apparent risk

Full Description

The Braden Scale is validated in acute care, long-term care, and home health. It synthesizes sensory perception, moisture, activity level, mobility, nutrition, and friction/shear to estimate pressure injury risk. Interventions should be proportional to risk level and integrated into nursing care plans.

Combine Braden scoring with clinical judgment and other factors such as hemodynamic instability, medical devices, or surgical positioning. Document reassessments during status changes (e.g., after surgery, sedation, or mobility decline).

Frequently Asked Questions

How often should the Braden Score be assessed?

At admission, every shift (depending on facility policy), and with any significant change in condition.

Does a high score eliminate the need for interventions?

No. Continue routine prevention such as repositioning, offloading heels, and moisture management regardless of score.

How do I score a patient with inconsistent mobility?

Score according to predominant status over the assessment period, erring on the side of higher risk.

Can the Braden Scale be used in pediatric patients?

It was developed for adults. Consider pediatric-specific tools (e.g., Braden Q) for children and adolescents.