📋 Reduced Row Echelon Form Calculator

Convert matrix to RREF using Gaussian elimination

How to Use This Calculator

1

Set Dimensions

Choose rows and columns.

2

Enter Matrix

Input all matrix elements.

3

Get RREF

Compute reduced row echelon form and rank.

Formula

RREF: Leading 1 in each row, zeros above/below pivots

RREF Properties:

  • Leading 1 in each nonzero row
  • Zeros above and below each leading 1
  • Leading 1s move right as you go down rows
  • Zero rows at bottom
  • Unique form for any matrix

About Reduced Row Echelon Form

Reduced Row Echelon Form (RREF) is a canonical form of matrices produced by Gaussian elimination. It's unique and reveals rank, null space, and solution structure of linear systems.

Applications

  • Solve linear systems
  • Find rank and null space
  • Determine linear independence
  • Find inverse matrices

Frequently Asked Questions

Why is RREF unique?

Every matrix has exactly one RREF. The specific sequence of row operations doesn't matter—the final result is always the same.

What's the difference between REF and RREF?

REF (Row Echelon Form) has leading 1s and zeros below pivots. RREF additionally has zeros above pivots.