Fermi Level Calculator

Compute Fermi energy E_F for a 3D electron gas.

How to Use This Calculator

1

Enter electron density

Provide n in m⁻³ (e.g., ~10²⁹ for typical metals).

2

Set effective mass

Use m*/mₑ ≈ 1 unless material-specific values are known.

3

Calculate

E_F will be shown in electronvolts (eV).

Formula

E_F = ħ² (3π²n)^0.6666666666666666 / (2 m*)

Example: n = 8.5×10²⁸ m⁻³, m* = mₑ → E_F ≈ a few eV

About Fermi Level Calculator

Estimates the Fermi energy using a free-electron-like model. For semiconductors or complex band structures, specialized models are required.

Frequently Asked Questions

Is this valid for semiconductors?

Not directly. This model fits metals; semiconductors need different relations.

What is effective mass?

An empirical parameter capturing band-structure effects on electron inertia.