Weibull Distribution Calculator

Enter shape (k) and scale (λ) parameters to compute Weibull PDF, CDF, survival probabilities, and descriptive statistics.

PDF f(x): 0.167442

CDF F(x): 0.302324

Survival S(x): 0.697676

Mean: 4.4311

Variance: 5.3650

Mode: 3.5355

Density samples

xf(x)
0.000.000000
2.080.140104
4.170.166451
6.250.104806
8.330.041451
10.420.010861
12.500.001930
14.580.000236
16.670.000020
18.750.000001
20.830.000000
22.920.000000
25.000.000000

How to Use This Calculator

  1. Specify the shape (k) and scale (λ) parameters from your reliability or life data model.
  2. Enter an x-value to compute the density, cumulative probability, and survival function.
  3. Use the summary statistics to describe expected life and dispersion.
  4. Leverage the density samples for visualization or further analysis.

Formula

f(x; k, λ) = (k / λ) (x / λ)k − 1 e−(x/λ)k, x ≥ 0

F(x) = 1 − e−(x/λ)k

Mean = λ Γ(1 + 1/k)

Variance = λ² [Γ(1 + 2/k) − Γ(1 + 1/k)²]

Γ(·) denotes the gamma function. The Weibull distribution generalizes exponential (k = 1) and Rayleigh (k = 2) cases.

Full Description

Weibull distributions are a versatile family for modeling time-to-failure data, with the shape parameter controlling failure rate behavior (increasing, constant, or decreasing hazard). Engineers rely on Weibull analyses to estimate product reliability, maintenance schedules, and warranty policies.

Shape k < 1 indicates high initial failure rates that decline; k = 1 corresponds to exponential lifetimes; k > 1 models wear-out mechanisms with increasing failure rates over time.

Frequently Asked Questions

How do I estimate Weibull parameters?

Use maximum likelihood estimation or linearized probability plots based on logged data.

What if x = 0?

The CDF evaluates to 0 and the PDF to (k / λ) · 0k − 1 (finite when k > 1, infinite otherwise). The calculator handles the limit numerically.

Is Weibull used outside reliability?

Yes. It appears in hydrology, meteorology, material strength modeling, and queueing theory.